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// Copyright 2019 Joe Drago. All rights reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
// This is a barebones y4m reader/writer for basic libavif testing. It is NOT comprehensive!
#include "y4m.h"
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define Y4M_MAX_LINE_SIZE 2048 // Arbitrary limit. Y4M headers should be much smaller than this
struct y4mFrameIterator
{
int width;
int height;
int depth;
avifBool hasAlpha;
avifPixelFormat format;
avifRange range;
avifChromaSamplePosition chromaSamplePosition;
avifAppSourceTiming sourceTiming;
FILE * inputFile;
const char * displayFilename;
};
// Sets frame->format, frame->depth, frame->hasAlpha, and frame->chromaSamplePosition.
static avifBool y4mColorSpaceParse(const char * formatString, struct y4mFrameIterator * frame)
{
frame->hasAlpha = AVIF_FALSE;
frame->chromaSamplePosition = AVIF_CHROMA_SAMPLE_POSITION_UNKNOWN;
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C420jpeg")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420;
frame->depth = 8;
// Chroma sample position is center.
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C420mpeg2")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420;
frame->depth = 8;
frame->chromaSamplePosition = AVIF_CHROMA_SAMPLE_POSITION_VERTICAL;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C420paldv")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420;
frame->depth = 8;
frame->chromaSamplePosition = AVIF_CHROMA_SAMPLE_POSITION_COLOCATED;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C444p10")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444;
frame->depth = 10;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C422p10")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422;
frame->depth = 10;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C420p10")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420;
frame->depth = 10;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C422p10")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422;
frame->depth = 10;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C444p12")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444;
frame->depth = 12;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C422p12")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422;
frame->depth = 12;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C420p12")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420;
frame->depth = 12;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C422p12")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422;
frame->depth = 12;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C444")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444;
frame->depth = 8;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C444alpha")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444;
frame->depth = 8;
frame->hasAlpha = AVIF_TRUE;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C422")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422;
frame->depth = 8;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "C420")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420;
frame->depth = 8;
// Chroma sample position is center.
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "Cmono")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV400;
frame->depth = 8;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "Cmono10")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV400;
frame->depth = 10;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
if (!strcmp(formatString, "Cmono12")) {
frame->format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV400;
frame->depth = 12;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
// Note: this modifies framerateString
static avifBool y4mFramerateParse(char * framerateString, avifAppSourceTiming * sourceTiming)
{
if (framerateString[0] != 'F') {
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
++framerateString; // skip past 'F'
char * colonLocation = strchr(framerateString, ':');
if (!colonLocation) {
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
*colonLocation = 0;
++colonLocation;
int numerator = atoi(framerateString);
int denominator = atoi(colonLocation);
if ((numerator < 1) || (denominator < 1)) {
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
sourceTiming->timescale = (uint64_t)numerator;
sourceTiming->duration = (uint64_t)denominator;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
static avifBool getHeaderString(uint8_t * p, uint8_t * end, char * out, size_t maxChars)
{
uint8_t * headerEnd = p;
while ((*headerEnd != ' ') && (*headerEnd != '\n')) {
if (headerEnd >= end) {
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
++headerEnd;
}
size_t formatLen = headerEnd - p;
if (formatLen > maxChars) {
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
strncpy(out, (const char *)p, formatLen);
out[formatLen] = 0;
return AVIF_TRUE;
}
static int y4mReadLine(FILE * inputFile, avifRWData * raw, const char * displayFilename)
{
static const int maxBytes = Y4M_MAX_LINE_SIZE;
int bytesRead = 0;
uint8_t * front = raw->data;
for (;;) {
if (fread(front, 1, 1, inputFile) != 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to read line: %s\n", displayFilename);
break;
}
++bytesRead;
if (bytesRead >= maxBytes) {
break;
}
if (*front == '\n') {
return bytesRead;
}
++front;
}
return -1;
}
#define ADVANCE(BYTES) \
do { \
p += BYTES; \
if (p >= end) \
goto cleanup; \
} while (0)
avifBool y4mRead(const char * inputFilename, avifImage * avif, avifAppSourceTiming * sourceTiming, struct y4mFrameIterator ** iter)
{
avifBool result = AVIF_FALSE;
struct y4mFrameIterator frame;
frame.width = -1;
frame.height = -1;
// Default to the color space "C420" to match the defaults of aomenc and ffmpeg.
frame.depth = 8;
frame.hasAlpha = AVIF_FALSE;
frame.format = AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420;
frame.range = AVIF_RANGE_LIMITED;
frame.chromaSamplePosition = AVIF_CHROMA_SAMPLE_POSITION_UNKNOWN;
memset(&frame.sourceTiming, 0, sizeof(avifAppSourceTiming));
frame.inputFile = NULL;
frame.displayFilename = inputFilename;
avifRWData raw = AVIF_DATA_EMPTY;
avifRWDataRealloc(&raw, Y4M_MAX_LINE_SIZE);
if (iter && *iter) {
// Continue reading FRAMEs from this y4m stream
frame = **iter;
} else {
// Open a fresh y4m and read its header
if (inputFilename) {
frame.inputFile = fopen(inputFilename, "rb");
if (!frame.inputFile) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open file for read: %s\n", inputFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
} else {
frame.inputFile = stdin;
frame.displayFilename = "(stdin)";
}
int headerBytes = y4mReadLine(frame.inputFile, &raw, frame.displayFilename);
if (headerBytes < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Y4M header too large: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if (headerBytes < 10) {
fprintf(stderr, "Y4M header too small: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
uint8_t * end = raw.data + headerBytes;
uint8_t * p = raw.data;
if (memcmp(p, "YUV4MPEG2 ", 10) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Not a y4m file: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
ADVANCE(10); // skip past header
char tmpBuffer[32];
while (p != end) {
switch (*p) {
case 'W': // width
frame.width = atoi((const char *)p + 1);
break;
case 'H': // height
frame.height = atoi((const char *)p + 1);
break;
case 'C': // color space
if (!getHeaderString(p, end, tmpBuffer, 31)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad y4m header: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if (!y4mColorSpaceParse(tmpBuffer, &frame)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported y4m pixel format: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
break;
case 'F': // framerate
if (!getHeaderString(p, end, tmpBuffer, 31)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad y4m header: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if (!y4mFramerateParse(tmpBuffer, &frame.sourceTiming)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported framerate: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
break;
case 'X':
if (!getHeaderString(p, end, tmpBuffer, 31)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Bad y4m header: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if (!strcmp(tmpBuffer, "XCOLORRANGE=FULL")) {
frame.range = AVIF_RANGE_FULL;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
// Advance past header section
while ((*p != '\n') && (*p != ' ')) {
ADVANCE(1);
}
if (*p == '\n') {
// Done with y4m header
break;
}
ADVANCE(1);
}
if (*p != '\n') {
fprintf(stderr, "Truncated y4m header (no newline): %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
}
int frameHeaderBytes = y4mReadLine(frame.inputFile, &raw, frame.displayFilename);
if (frameHeaderBytes < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Y4M frame header too large: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if (frameHeaderBytes < 6) {
fprintf(stderr, "Y4M frame header too small: %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if (memcmp(raw.data, "FRAME", 5) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Truncated y4m (no frame): %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if ((frame.width < 1) || (frame.height < 1) || ((frame.depth != 8) && (frame.depth != 10) && (frame.depth != 12))) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to parse y4m header (not enough information): %s\n", frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
if (sourceTiming) {
*sourceTiming = frame.sourceTiming;
}
avifImageFreePlanes(avif, AVIF_PLANES_ALL);
avif->width = frame.width;
avif->height = frame.height;
avif->depth = frame.depth;
avif->yuvFormat = frame.format;
avif->yuvRange = frame.range;
avif->yuvChromaSamplePosition = frame.chromaSamplePosition;
avifResult allocationResult = avifImageAllocatePlanes(avif, frame.hasAlpha ? AVIF_PLANES_ALL : AVIF_PLANES_YUV);
if (allocationResult != AVIF_RESULT_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate the planes: %s\n", avifResultToString(allocationResult));
goto cleanup;
}
avifPixelFormatInfo formatInfo;
avifGetPixelFormatInfo(avif->yuvFormat, &formatInfo);
const int planeCount = formatInfo.monochrome ? 1 : AVIF_PLANE_COUNT_YUV;
for (int plane = 0; plane < planeCount; ++plane) {
uint32_t planeWidth = (plane > 0) ? ((avif->width + formatInfo.chromaShiftX) >> formatInfo.chromaShiftX) : avif->width;
uint32_t planeHeight = (plane > 0) ? ((avif->height + formatInfo.chromaShiftY) >> formatInfo.chromaShiftY) : avif->height;
uint32_t rowBytes = planeWidth << (avif->depth > 8);
uint8_t * row = avif->yuvPlanes[plane];
for (uint32_t y = 0; y < planeHeight; ++y) {
uint32_t bytesRead = (uint32_t)fread(row, 1, rowBytes, frame.inputFile);
if (bytesRead != rowBytes) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Failed to read y4m row (not enough data, wanted %" PRIu32 ", got %" PRIu32 "): %s\n",
rowBytes,
bytesRead,
frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
row += avif->yuvRowBytes[plane];
}
}
if (frame.hasAlpha) {
uint32_t rowBytes = avif->width << (avif->depth > 8);
uint8_t * row = avif->alphaPlane;
for (uint32_t y = 0; y < avif->height; ++y) {
uint32_t bytesRead = (uint32_t)fread(row, 1, rowBytes, frame.inputFile);
if (bytesRead != rowBytes) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Failed to read y4m row (not enough data, wanted %" PRIu32 ", got %" PRIu32 "): %s\n",
rowBytes,
bytesRead,
frame.displayFilename);
goto cleanup;
}
row += avif->alphaRowBytes;
}
}
result = AVIF_TRUE;
cleanup:
if (iter) {
if (*iter) {
free(*iter);
*iter = NULL;
}
if (result && frame.inputFile) {
ungetc(fgetc(frame.inputFile), frame.inputFile); // Kick frame.inputFile to force EOF
if (!feof(frame.inputFile)) {
// Remember y4m state for next time
*iter = malloc(sizeof(struct y4mFrameIterator));
**iter = frame;
}
}
}
if (inputFilename && frame.inputFile && (!iter || !(*iter))) {
fclose(frame.inputFile);
}
avifRWDataFree(&raw);
return result;
}
avifBool y4mWrite(const char * outputFilename, const avifImage * avif)
{
avifBool hasAlpha = (avif->alphaPlane != NULL) && (avif->alphaRowBytes > 0);
avifBool writeAlpha = AVIF_FALSE;
char * y4mHeaderFormat = NULL;
if (hasAlpha && ((avif->depth != 8) || (avif->yuvFormat != AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444))) {
fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: writing alpha is currently only supported in 8bpc YUV444, ignoring alpha channel: %s\n", outputFilename);
}
switch (avif->depth) {
case 8:
switch (avif->yuvFormat) {
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444:
if (hasAlpha) {
y4mHeaderFormat = "C444alpha XYSCSS=444";
writeAlpha = AVIF_TRUE;
} else {
y4mHeaderFormat = "C444 XYSCSS=444";
}
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C422 XYSCSS=422";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C420jpeg XYSCSS=420JPEG";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV400:
y4mHeaderFormat = "Cmono XYSCSS=400";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_NONE:
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_COUNT:
// will error later; these cases are here for warning's sake
break;
}
break;
case 10:
switch (avif->yuvFormat) {
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C444p10 XYSCSS=444P10";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C422p10 XYSCSS=422P10";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C420p10 XYSCSS=420P10";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV400:
y4mHeaderFormat = "Cmono10 XYSCSS=400";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_NONE:
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_COUNT:
// will error later; these cases are here for warning's sake
break;
}
break;
case 12:
switch (avif->yuvFormat) {
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV444:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C444p12 XYSCSS=444P12";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV422:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C422p12 XYSCSS=422P12";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420:
y4mHeaderFormat = "C420p12 XYSCSS=420P12";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV400:
y4mHeaderFormat = "Cmono12 XYSCSS=400";
break;
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_NONE:
case AVIF_PIXEL_FORMAT_COUNT:
// will error later; these cases are here for warning's sake
break;
}
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: y4mWrite unsupported depth: %d\n", avif->depth);
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
if (y4mHeaderFormat == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: unsupported format\n");
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
const char * rangeString = "XCOLORRANGE=FULL";
if (avif->yuvRange == AVIF_RANGE_LIMITED) {
rangeString = "XCOLORRANGE=LIMITED";
}
avifPixelFormatInfo formatInfo;
avifGetPixelFormatInfo(avif->yuvFormat, &formatInfo);
FILE * f = fopen(outputFilename, "wb");
if (!f) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open file for write: %s\n", outputFilename);
return AVIF_FALSE;
}
avifBool success = AVIF_TRUE;
if (fprintf(f, "YUV4MPEG2 W%d H%d F25:1 Ip A0:0 %s %s\nFRAME\n", avif->width, avif->height, y4mHeaderFormat, rangeString) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot write to file: %s\n", outputFilename);
success = AVIF_FALSE;
goto cleanup;
}
const int planeCount = formatInfo.monochrome ? 1 : AVIF_PLANE_COUNT_YUV;
for (int plane = 0; plane < planeCount; ++plane) {
uint32_t planeWidth = (plane > 0) ? ((avif->width + formatInfo.chromaShiftX) >> formatInfo.chromaShiftX) : avif->width;
uint32_t planeHeight = (plane > 0) ? ((avif->height + formatInfo.chromaShiftY) >> formatInfo.chromaShiftY) : avif->height;
uint32_t rowBytes = planeWidth << (avif->depth > 8);
const uint8_t * row = avif->yuvPlanes[plane];
for (uint32_t y = 0; y < planeHeight; ++y) {
if (fwrite(row, 1, rowBytes, f) != rowBytes) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write %" PRIu32 " bytes: %s\n", rowBytes, outputFilename);
success = AVIF_FALSE;
goto cleanup;
}
row += avif->yuvRowBytes[plane];
}
}
if (writeAlpha) {
uint32_t rowBytes = avif->width << (avif->depth > 8);
const uint8_t * row = avif->alphaPlane;
for (uint32_t y = 0; y < avif->height; ++y) {
if (fwrite(row, 1, rowBytes, f) != rowBytes) {
fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write %" PRIu32 " bytes: %s\n", rowBytes, outputFilename);
success = AVIF_FALSE;
goto cleanup;
}
row += avif->alphaRowBytes;
}
}
cleanup:
fclose(f);
if (success) {
printf("Wrote Y4M: %s\n", outputFilename);
}
return success;
}